stack/docs-mintlify/sdk/objects/stack-app.mdx

---
title: "StackApp"
description: "Reference documentation for StackClientApp and StackServerApp objects."
sidebarTitle: "StackApp"
mode: "wide"
---

import {
  AsideSection,
  ContentSection,
  MethodAside,
  MethodContent,
  MethodLayout,
  MethodReturns,
} from "/snippets/sdk-type-components.jsx";

This is a detailed reference for the `StackApp` object. If you're looking for a more high-level overview, please read the [respective page in the Concepts section](/guides/going-further/stack-app).

## Overview

- [StackClientApp](#stackclientapp) - Client-level permissions for frontend code
- [StackServerApp](#stackserverapp) - Server-level permissions with full access

---

# StackClientApp

A `StackApp` with client-level permissions. It contains most of the useful methods and hooks for your client-side code.

Most commonly you get an instance of `StackClientApp` by calling [`useStackApp()`](/sdk/hooks/use-stack-app) in a Client Component.

## Table of Contents

```typescript
type StackClientApp = {
  new(options): StackClientApp;

  getUser([options]): Promise<User>;
  useUser([options]): User;
  getProject(): Promise<Project>;
  useProject(): Project;

  signInWithOAuth(provider): void;
  signInWithCredential([options]): Promise<...>;
  signUpWithCredential([options]): Promise<...>;
  sendForgotPasswordEmail(email): Promise<...>;
  sendMagicLinkEmail(email): Promise<...>;
};
```

## Constructor

Creates a new `StackClientApp` instance.

Because each app creates a new connection to Stack Auth's backend, you should re-use existing instances wherever possible.

<Info>
This object is not usually constructed directly. More commonly, you would construct a [`StackServerApp`](#stackserverapp) instead, pass it into your app setup (see the [setup guide](/guides/getting-started/setup)), and then use the `useStackApp()` hook to obtain a `StackClientApp`.

The [setup wizard](/guides/getting-started/setup) does these steps for you, so you don't need to worry about it unless you are manually setting up Stack Auth.

If you're building a client-only app and don't have a `SECRET_SERVER_KEY`, you can construct a `StackClientApp` directly.

</Info>

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="tokenStore" type='"nextjs-cookie" | "cookie" | { accessToken, refreshToken } | Request' required>
        Token storage configuration.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="baseUrl" type="string">
        Base URL for the Stack Auth API.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="projectId" type="string">
        Project ID. Defaults to the `NEXT_PUBLIC_STACK_PROJECT_ID` environment variable.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="publishableClientKey" type="string">
        Publishable client key. Defaults to the `NEXT_PUBLIC_STACK_PUBLISHABLE_CLIENT_KEY` environment variable.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="urls" type="object">
        Redirect URL configuration.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="noAutomaticPrefetch" type="boolean">
        Disable automatic prefetching.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare class StackClientApp {
        constructor(options: {
          tokenStore: "nextjs-cookie" | "cookie" | {
            accessToken: string;
            refreshToken: string;
          } | Request;
          baseUrl?: string;
          projectId?: string;
          publishableClientKey?: string;
          urls?: object;
          noAutomaticPrefetch?: boolean;
        });
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const stackClientApp = new StackClientApp({
        tokenStore: "nextjs-cookie",
        baseUrl: "https://api.stack-auth.com",
        projectId: "123",
        publishableClientKey: "123",
        urls: {
          home: "/",
        },
      });
      ```

      ```typescript
      "use client";

      function MyReactComponent() {
        const stackClientApp = useStackApp();
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

## User Management

### `stackClientApp.getUser([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Gets the current user.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options.or" type='"return-null" | "redirect" | "throw"'>
        What to do if the user is not found.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<CurrentUser | null>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function getUser(options?: {
        or?: "return-null" | "redirect" | "throw";
      }): Promise<CurrentUser | null>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const userOrNull = await stackClientApp.getUser();
      console.log(userOrNull);

      const user = await stackClientApp.getUser({ or: "redirect" });
      console.log(user);
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackClientApp.useUser([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    React hook version of `getUser()`. Equivalent to the [`useUser()`](/sdk/hooks/use-user) standalone hook, which is an alias for `useStackApp().useUser()`.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options.or" type='"return-null" | "redirect" | "throw"'>
        What to do if the user is not found.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="CurrentUser | null" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function useUser(options?: {
        or?: "return-null" | "redirect" | "throw";
      }): CurrentUser | null;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```jsx
      "use client";

      function MyReactComponent() {
        const user = useUser();
        return user ? <div>Hello, {user.name}</div> : <div>Not signed in</div>;
      }
      ```

      ```tsx
      "use client";

      function MyProtectedComponent() {
        useUser({ or: "redirect" });
        return <div>You can only see this if you are authenticated</div>;
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackClientApp.getProject()`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Gets the current project.

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<Project>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function getProject(): Promise<Project>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const project = await stackClientApp.getProject();
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackClientApp.useProject()`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    React hook version of `getProject()`.

    <MethodReturns type="Project" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function useProject(): Project;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      function MyReactComponent() {
        const project = useProject();
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

## Authentication

### `stackClientApp.signInWithOAuth(provider)`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Initiates the OAuth sign-in process with the specified provider.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="provider" type="string">
        The OAuth provider type.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<void>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function signInWithOAuth(provider: string): Promise<void>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      await stackClientApp.signInWithOAuth("google");
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackClientApp.signInWithCredential([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Sign in using email and password credentials.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options.email" type="string">
        User's email.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.password" type="string">
        User's password.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.noRedirect" type="boolean">
        Whether to skip redirect after sign-in.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type='Promise<Result<undefined, KnownErrors["EmailPasswordMismatch"]>>' />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function signInWithCredential(options?: {
        email?: string;
        password?: string;
        noRedirect?: boolean;
      }): Promise<Result<undefined, KnownErrors["EmailPasswordMismatch"]>>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const result = await stackClientApp.signInWithCredential({
        email: "test@example.com",
        password: "password",
      });

      if (result.status === "error") {
        console.error("Sign in failed", result.error.message);
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackClientApp.signUpWithCredential([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Sign up using email and password credentials.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options.email" type="string">
        User's email.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.password" type="string">
        User's password.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.noRedirect" type="boolean">
        Whether to skip redirect after sign-up.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type='Promise<Result<undefined, KnownErrors["UserWithEmailAlreadyExists"] | KnownErrors["PasswordRequirementsNotMet"]>>' />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function signUpWithCredential(options?: {
        email?: string;
        password?: string;
        noRedirect?: boolean;
      }): Promise<Result<
        undefined,
        KnownErrors["UserWithEmailAlreadyExists"] | KnownErrors["PasswordRequirementsNotMet"]
      >>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const result = await stackClientApp.signUpWithCredential({
        email: "test@example.com",
        password: "password",
      });

      if (result.status === "error") {
        console.error("Sign up failed", result.error.message);
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackClientApp.sendForgotPasswordEmail(email)`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Send a forgot-password email to an email address.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="email" type="string">
        The email to send the forgot-password email to.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type='Promise<Result<undefined, KnownErrors["UserNotFound"]>>' />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function sendForgotPasswordEmail(
        email: string,
      ): Promise<Result<undefined, KnownErrors["UserNotFound"]>>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const result = await stackClientApp.sendForgotPasswordEmail("test@example.com");

      if (result.status === "success") {
        console.log("Forgot password email sent");
      } else {
        console.error("Failed to send forgot password email", result.error.message);
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackClientApp.sendMagicLinkEmail(email)`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Send a magic-link or OTP sign-in email to an email address.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="email" type="string">
        The email to send the magic link to.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type='Promise<Result<{ nonce: string }, KnownErrors["RedirectUrlNotWhitelisted"]>>' />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function sendMagicLinkEmail(
        email: string,
      ): Promise<Result<{ nonce: string }, KnownErrors["RedirectUrlNotWhitelisted"]>>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const result = await stackClientApp.sendMagicLinkEmail("test@example.com");
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

---

# StackServerApp

Like `StackClientApp`, but with [server permissions](/guides/going-further/stack-app#client-vs-server). Has full read and write access to all users.

<Warning>
  Since this functionality should only be available in environments you trust
  (ie. your own server), it requires a `SECRET_SERVER_KEY`. In some cases, you
  may want to use a `StackServerApp` on the client; an example for this is an
  internal dashboard that only your own employees have access to. We generally
  recommend against doing this unless you are aware of and protected against the
  (potentially severe) security implications of exposing `SECRET_SERVER_KEY` on
  the client.
</Warning>

## Table of Contents

```typescript
type StackServerApp =
  // Inherits all functionality from StackClientApp
  & StackClientApp
  & {
    new(options): StackServerApp;

    getUser([id][, options]): Promise<ServerUser | null>;
    useUser([id][, options]): ServerUser;
    listUsers([options]): Promise<ServerUser[]>;
    useUsers([options]): ServerUser[];
    createUser([options]): Promise<ServerUser>;
    sendEmail(options): Promise<Result<void, KnownErrors>>;

    getTeam(id): Promise<ServerTeam | null>;
    useTeam(id): ServerTeam;
    listTeams(): Promise<ServerTeam[]>;
    useTeams(): ServerTeam[];
    createTeam([options]): Promise<ServerTeam>;
  }
```

## Constructor

Creates a new `StackServerApp` instance.

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="tokenStore" type='"nextjs-cookie" | "cookie" | { accessToken, refreshToken } | Request' required>
        Token storage configuration.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="baseUrl" type="string">
        Base URL for the Stack Auth API.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="projectId" type="string">
        Project ID.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="publishableClientKey" type="string">
        Publishable client key.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="secretServerKey" type="string">
        Secret server key. Defaults to the `SECRET_SERVER_KEY` environment variable.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="urls" type="object">
        Redirect URL configuration.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="noAutomaticPrefetch" type="boolean">
        Disable automatic prefetching.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare class StackServerApp {
        constructor(options: {
          tokenStore: "nextjs-cookie" | "cookie" | {
            accessToken: string;
            refreshToken: string;
          } | Request;
          baseUrl?: string;
          projectId?: string;
          publishableClientKey?: string;
          secretServerKey?: string;
          urls?: object;
          noAutomaticPrefetch?: boolean;
        });
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const stackServerApp = new StackServerApp({
        tokenStore: "nextjs-cookie",
        urls: {
          signIn: "/my-custom-sign-in-page",
        },
      });
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

## User Operations

### `stackServerApp.getUser([id], [options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Enhanced version of `StackClientApp.getUser()` with server permissions.

    **Overloads:**

    1. `getUser(id: string): Promise<ServerUser | null>` to get a user by ID.
    2. `getUser(options?: { or?: "return-null" | "redirect" | "throw" }): Promise<CurrentServerUser | null>` to get the current user.

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function getUser(id: string): Promise<ServerUser | null>;
      declare function getUser(options?: {
        or?: "return-null" | "redirect" | "throw";
      }): Promise<CurrentServerUser | null>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const currentUser = await stackServerApp.getUser();
      console.log(currentUser);

      const serverUser = await stackServerApp.getUser(
        "12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789abc",
      );
      console.log(serverUser);
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.useUser([id], [options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Functionally equivalent to [`getUser()`](#stackserverappgetuserid-options), but as a React hook.

    <Info>
    This should be used on the server-side only.
    </Info>

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function useUser(
        idOrOptions?: string | { or?: "return-null" | "redirect" | "throw" },
        options?: { or?: "return-null" | "redirect" | "throw" },
      ): ServerUser | CurrentServerUser | null;
      ```
    </AsideSection>
  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.listUsers([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Lists all users on the project.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options.cursor" type="string">
        The cursor to start the result set from.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.limit" type="number">
        Maximum number of items to return. If omitted, all users are returned.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.orderBy" type='"signedUpAt"'>
        The field to sort results by.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.desc" type="boolean">
        Whether to sort in descending order. Defaults to `false`.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.query" type="string">
        Free-text search on the user's display name and emails.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<ServerUser[] & { nextCursor: string | null }>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function listUsers(options?: {
        cursor?: string;
        limit?: number;
        orderBy?: "signedUpAt";
        desc?: boolean;
        query?: string;
      }): Promise<ServerUser[] & { nextCursor: string | null }>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const users = await stackServerApp.listUsers({ limit: 20 });
      console.log(users);

      if (users.nextCursor) {
        const nextPageUsers = await stackServerApp.listUsers({
          cursor: users.nextCursor,
          limit: 20,
        });
        console.log(nextPageUsers);
      }
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.useUsers([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Functionally equivalent to [`listUsers()`](#stackserverapplistusersoptions), but as a React hook.

    <Info>This should be used on the server-side only.</Info>

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function useUsers(options?: {
        cursor?: string;
        limit?: number;
        orderBy?: "signedUpAt";
        desc?: boolean;
        query?: string;
      }): ServerUser[];
      ```
    </AsideSection>
  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.createUser([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Creates a new user from the server.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options.primaryEmail" type="string">
        User's primary email.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.primaryEmailVerified" type="boolean">
        Whether the email is verified.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.primaryEmailAuthEnabled" type="boolean">
        Whether email auth is enabled.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.password" type="string">
        User's password.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.otpAuthEnabled" type="boolean">
        Enable OTP or magic-link auth.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.displayName" type="string">
        User's display name.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<ServerUser>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function createUser(options?: {
        primaryEmail?: string;
        primaryEmailVerified?: boolean;
        primaryEmailAuthEnabled?: boolean;
        password?: string;
        otpAuthEnabled?: boolean;
        displayName?: string;
      }): Promise<ServerUser>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const passwordUser = await stackServerApp.createUser({
        primaryEmail: "test@example.com",
        primaryEmailAuthEnabled: true,
        password: "password123",
      });

      const magicLinkUser = await stackServerApp.createUser({
        primaryEmail: "test@example.com",
        primaryEmailVerified: true,
        primaryEmailAuthEnabled: true,
        otpAuthEnabled: true,
      });
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.sendEmail(options)`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Send custom emails to users. You can send either custom HTML emails or use predefined templates with variables.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options" type="SendEmailOptions">
        Email configuration and content.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<Result<void, KnownErrors>>">
      The method returns a `Result` that can include `RequiresCustomEmailServer`, `SchemaError`, and `UserIdDoesNotExist`.
    </MethodReturns>

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function sendEmail(
        options: SendEmailOptions,
      ): Promise<Result<void, KnownErrors>>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const htmlResult = await stackServerApp.sendEmail({
        userIds: ["user-1", "user-2"],
        subject: "Welcome to our platform!",
        html: "<h1>Welcome!</h1><p>Thanks for joining us.</p>",
      });

      if (htmlResult.status === "error") {
        console.error("Failed to send email:", htmlResult.error);
      }
      ```

      ```typescript
      const templateResult = await stackServerApp.sendEmail({
        userIds: ["user-1"],
        templateId: "welcome-template",
        variables: {
          userName: "John Doe",
          activationUrl: "https://app.com/activate/token123",
        },
      });
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

## Team Management

### `stackServerApp.getTeam(id)`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Get a team by its ID.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="id" type="string">
        Team ID.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<ServerTeam | null>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function getTeam(id: string): Promise<ServerTeam | null>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const team = await stackServerApp.getTeam("team_id_123");
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.useTeam(id)`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Functionally equivalent to [`getTeam(id)`](#stackserverappgetteamid), but as a React hook.

    <Info>This should be used on the server-side only.</Info>

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function useTeam(id: string): ServerTeam;
      ```
    </AsideSection>
  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.listTeams()`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Lists all teams on the current project.

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<ServerTeam[]>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function listTeams(): Promise<ServerTeam[]>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const teams = await stackServerApp.listTeams();
      console.log(teams);
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.useTeams()`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Functionally equivalent to [`listTeams()`](#stackserverapplistteams), but as a React hook.

    <Info>This should be used on the server-side only.</Info>

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function useTeams(): ServerTeam[];
      ```
    </AsideSection>
  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>

### `stackServerApp.createTeam([options])`

<MethodLayout>
  <MethodContent>
    Creates a team without adding a user to it.

    <ContentSection title="Parameters">
      <ParamField body="options.displayName" type="string">
        Team display name.
      </ParamField>

      <ParamField body="options.profileImageUrl" type="string | null">
        Team profile image URL.
      </ParamField>
    </ContentSection>

    <MethodReturns type="Promise<ServerTeam>" />

  </MethodContent>

  <MethodAside>
    <AsideSection title="Signature">
      ```typescript
      declare function createTeam(options?: {
        displayName?: string;
        profileImageUrl?: string | null;
      }): Promise<ServerTeam>;
      ```
    </AsideSection>

    <AsideSection title="Examples">
      ```typescript
      const team = await stackServerApp.createTeam({
        displayName: "New Team",
        profileImageUrl: "https://example.com/profile.jpg",
      });
      ```
    </AsideSection>

  </MethodAside>
</MethodLayout>