-- keywords -- https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/keywords.html -- https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/keywords.html -- https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/keywords.html -- https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/keywords.html -- https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/reserved-words/ -- A ACCESSIBLE (R) ACCOUNT -- added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved) ACTION ACTIVE -- added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) ADD (R) ADMIN -- became nonreserved in 8.0.12 AFTER AGAINST AGGREGATE ALGORITHM ALL (R) ALTER (R) ALWAYS -- added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved) ANALYSE -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved); removed in 8.0.1 ANALYZE (R) AND (R) ANY AS (R) ASC (R) ASCII ASENSITIVE (R) AT AUTHORS -- removed in 5.6.8 AUTOEXTEND_SIZE AUTO_INCREMENT AVG AVG_ROW_LENGTH -- B BACKUP BEFORE (R) BEGIN END BETWEEN (R) BIGINT (R) BINARY (R) BINLOG BIT BLOB (R) BLOCK BOOL BOOLEAN BOTH (R) BTREE BUCKETS -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) BY (R) BYTE -- C CACHE CALL (R) CASCADE (R) CASCADED CASE (R) END CASE; CATALOG_NAME CHAIN CHANGE (R) CHANGED CHANNEL -- added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved) CHAR (R) CHARACTER (R) CHARSET CHECK (R) CHECKSUM CIPHER CLASS_ORIGIN CLIENT CLONE -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) CLOSE COALESCE CODE COLLATE (R) COLLATION COLUMN (R) COLUMNS COLUMN_FORMAT -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved) COLUMN_NAME COMMENT COMMIT COMMITTED COMPACT COMPLETION COMPONENT COMPRESSED COMPRESSION -- added in 5.7.8 (nonreserved) CONCURRENT CONDITION (R) CONNECTION CONSISTENT CONSTRAINT (R) CONSTRAINT_CATALOG CONSTRAINT_NAME CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA CONTAINS CONTEXT CONTINUE (R) CONTRIBUTORS -- removed in 5.6.8 CONVERT (R) CPU CREATE (R) CROSS (R) CUBE (R) -- became reserved in 8.0.1 CUME_DIST (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) CURRENT -- added in 5.6.4 (nonreserved) CURRENT_DATE (R) CURRENT_TIME (R) CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (R) CURRENT_USER (R) CURSOR (R) CURSOR_NAME -- D DATA DATABASE (R) DATABASES (R) DATAFILE DATE DATETIME DAY DAY_HOUR (R) DAY_MICROSECOND (R) DAY_MINUTE (R) DAY_SECOND (R) DEALLOCATE DEC (R) DECIMAL (R) DECLARE (R) DEFAULT (R) DEFAULT_AUTH -- added in 5.6.4 (nonreserved) DEFINER DEFINITION -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) DELAYED (R) DELAY_KEY_WRITE DELETE (R) DENSE_RANK (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) DESC (R) DESCRIBE (R) DESCRIPTION -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) DES_KEY_FILE -- removed in 8.0.3 DETERMINISTIC (R) DIAGNOSTICS -- added in 5.6.4 (nonreserved) DIRECTORY DISABLE DISCARD DISK DISTINCT (R) DISTINCTROW (R) DIV (R) DO DOUBLE (R) DROP (R) DUAL (R) DUMPFILE DUPLICATE DYNAMIC -- E EACH (R) ELSE (R) ELSEIF (R) EMPTY (R) -- added in 8.0.4 (reserved) ENABLE ENCLOSED (R) ENCRYPTION -- added in 5.7.11 (nonreserved) END ENDS ENGINE ENGINES ENUM ERROR -- added in 5.5.3 (nonreserved) ERRORS ESCAPE ESCAPED (R) EVENT EVENTS EVERY EXCEPT (M) -- Added in MariaDB 10.3.0 EXCHANGE EXCLUDE -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) EXECUTE EXISTS (R) EXIT (R) EXPANSION EXPIRE -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved) EXPLAIN (R) EXPORT -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved) EXTENDED EXTENT_SIZE -- F FALSE (R) FAST FAULTS FETCH (R) FIELDS FILE FILE_BLOCK_SIZE -- added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved) FILTER -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) FIRST FIRST_VALUE (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) FIXED FLOAT (R) FLOAT4 (R) FLOAT8 (R) FLUSH FOLLOWING -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) FOLLOWS -- added in 5.7.2 (nonreserved) FOR (R) FORCE (R) FOREIGN (R) FORMAT -- added in 5.6.5 (nonreserved) FOUND FRAC_SECOND -- removed in 5.5.3 FROM (R) FULL FULLTEXT (R) FUNCTION (R) -- became reserved in 8.0.1 -- G GENERAL -- added in 5.5.3 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.5.8 GENERATED (R) -- added in 5.7.6 (reserved) GEOMCOLLECTION -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) GEOMETRY GEOMETRYCOLLECTION GET (R) -- added in 5.6.4 (reserved) GET_FORMAT GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) GLOBAL GRANT (R) GRANTS GROUP (R) GROUPING (R) -- added in 8.0.1 (reserved) GROUPS (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) GROUP_REPLICATION -- added in 5.7.6 (nonreserved) -- H HANDLER HASH HAVING (R) HELP HIGH_PRIORITY (R) HISTOGRAM -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) HISTORY -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) HOST HOSTS HOUR HOUR_MICROSECOND (R) HOUR_MINUTE (R) HOUR_SECOND (R) -- I IDENTIFIED IF (R) IGNORE (R) IGNORE_SERVER_IDS -- became nonreserved in 5.5.8 IMPORT IN (R) INACTIVE -- added in 8.0.14 (nonreserved) INDEX (R) INDEXES INFILE (R) INITIAL_SIZE INNER (R) INNOBASE -- removed in 5.5.3 INNODB -- removed in 5.5.3 INOUT (R) INSENSITIVE (R) INSERT (R) INSERT_METHOD INSTALL INSTANCE -- added in 5.7.11 (nonreserved) INT (R) INT1 (R) INT2 (R) INT3 (R) INT4 (R) INT8 (R) INTEGER (R) INTERSECT (M) -- Added in MariaDB 10.3.0 INTERVAL (R) INTO (R) INVOKER IO IO_AFTER_GTIDS (R) -- added in 5.6.5 (reserved) IO_BEFORE_GTIDS (R) -- added in 5.6.5 (reserved) IO_THREAD IPC IS (R) ISOLATION ISSUER ITERATE (R) -- J JOIN (R) JSON -- added in 5.7.8 (nonreserved) JSON_TABLE (R) -- added in 8.0.4 (reserved) -- K KEY (R) KEYS (R) KEY_BLOCK_SIZE KILL (R) -- L LAG (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) LANGUAGE LAST LAST_VALUE (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) LEAD (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) LEADING (R) LEAVE (R) LEAVES LEFT (R) LESS LEVEL LIKE (R) LIMIT (R) LINEAR (R) LINES (R) LINESTRING LIST LOAD (R) LOCAL LOCALTIME (R) LOCALTIMESTAMP (R) LOCK (R) LOCKED -- added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) LOCKS LOGFILE LOGS LONG (R) LONGBLOB (R) LONGTEXT (R) LOOP (R) END LOOP; LOW_PRIORITY (R) -- M MASTER MASTER_AUTO_POSITION -- added in 5.6.5 (nonreserved) MASTER_BIND (R) -- added in 5.6.1 (reserved) MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY MASTER_DELAY MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD -- became nonreserved in 5.5.8 MASTER_HOST MASTER_LOG_FILE MASTER_LOG_POS MASTER_PASSWORD MASTER_PORT MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) MASTER_RETRY_COUNT -- added in 5.6.1 (nonreserved) MASTER_SERVER_ID MASTER_SSL MASTER_SSL_CA MASTER_SSL_CAPATH MASTER_SSL_CERT MASTER_SSL_CIPHER MASTER_SSL_CRL -- added in 5.6.3 (nonreserved) MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH -- added in 5.6.3 (nonreserved) MASTER_SSL_KEY MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT (R) MASTER_TLS_VERSION -- added in 5.7.10 (nonreserved) MASTER_USER MATCH (R) MAXVALUE (R) MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR MAX_ROWS MAX_SIZE MAX_STATEMENT_TIME -- added in 5.7.4 (nonreserved); removed in 5.7.8 MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS MEDIUM MEDIUMBLOB (R) MEDIUMINT (R) MEDIUMTEXT (R) MEMORY MERGE; MESSAGE_TEXT MICROSECOND MIDDLEINT (R) MIGRATE MINUTE MINUTE_MICROSECOND (R) MINUTE_SECOND (R) MIN_ROWS MOD (R) MODE MODIFIES (R) MODIFY MONTH MULTILINESTRING MULTIPOINT MULTIPOLYGON MUTEX MYSQL_ERRNO -- N NAME NAMES NATIONAL NATURAL (R) NCHAR NDB NDBCLUSTER NESTED -- added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) NEVER -- added in 5.7.4 (nonreserved) NEW NEXT NO NODEGROUP NONBLOCKING -- removed in 5.7.6 NONE NOT (R) NOWAIT -- added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) NO_WAIT NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG (R) NTH_VALUE (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) NTILE (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) NULL (R) NULLS -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) NUMBER -- added in 5.6.4 (nonreserved) NUMERIC (R) NVARCHAR -- O OF (R) -- added in 8.0.1 (reserved) OFFSET OLD_PASSWORD -- removed in 5.7.5 ON (R) ONE ONE_SHOT -- became reserved in 5.6.1; removed in 5.6.5 ONLY -- added in 5.6.5 (nonreserved) OPEN OPTIMIZE (R) OPTIMIZER_COSTS (R) -- added in 5.7.5 (reserved) OPTION (R) OPTIONAL -- added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) OPTIONALLY (R) OPTIONS OR (R) ORDER (R) ORDINALITY -- added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) ORGANIZATION -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) OTHERS -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) OUT (R) OUTER (R) OUTFILE (R) OVER (M) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) OWNER -- P PACK_KEYS PAGE PARSER PARSE_GCOL_EXPR -- added in 5.7.6 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.7.8 PARTIAL PARTITION (R) -- became reserved in 5.6.2 PARTITIONING PARTITIONS PASSWORD PATH -- added in 8.0.4 (nonreserved) PERCENT_RANK (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) PERSIST (R) PERSIST_ONLY (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) PHASE PLUGIN PLUGINS PLUGIN_DIR -- added in 5.6.4 (nonreserved) POINT POLYGON PORT PRECEDES -- added in 5.7.2 (nonreserved) PRECEDING -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) PRECISION (R) PREPARE PRESERVE PREV PRIMARY (R) PRIVILEGES PROCEDURE (R) PROCESS -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) PROCESSLIST PROFILE PROFILES PROXY -- added in 5.5.7 (nonreserved) PURGE (R) -- Q QUARTER QUERY QUICK -- R RANGE (R) RANK (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) READ (R) READS (R) READ_ONLY READ_WRITE (R) REAL (R) REBUILD RECOVER RECURSIVE (R) -- added in 8.0.1 (reserved) REDOFILE -- removed in 8.0.3 REDO_BUFFER_SIZE REDUNDANT REFERENCE -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) REFERENCES (R) REGEXP (R) RELAY -- added in 5.5.3 (nonreserved) RELAYLOG RELAY_LOG_FILE RELAY_LOG_POS RELAY_THREAD RELEASE (R) RELOAD REMOTE -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved); removed in 8.0.14 REMOVE RENAME (R) REORGANIZE REPAIR REPEAT (R) REPEATABLE REPLACE (R) REPLICATE_DO_DB -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) REPLICATE_DO_TABLE -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE -- added in 5.7.3 (nonreserved) REPLICATION REQUIRE (R) RESET RESIGNAL (R) RESOURCE -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) RESPECT -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) RESTART -- added in 8.0.11 (nonreserved) RESTORE RESTRICT (R) RESUME RETURN (R) RETURNED_SQLSTATE -- added in 5.6.4 (nonreserved) RETURNING (M) -- Added in MariaDB 10.0.5 RETURNS REUSE -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) REVERSE REVOKE (R) RIGHT (R) RLIKE (R) ROLE -- became nonreserved in 8.0.1 ROLLBACK ROLLUP ROTATE -- added in 5.7.11 (nonreserved) ROUTINE ROW (R) -- became reserved in 8.0.2 ROWS (R) -- became reserved in 8.0.2 ROW_COUNT -- added in 5.6.4 (nonreserved) ROW_FORMAT ROW_NUMBER (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) RTREE -- S SAVEPOINT SCHEDULE SCHEMA (R) SCHEMAS (R) SCHEMA_NAME SECOND SECONDARY_ENGINE -- added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) SECONDARY_LOAD -- added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) SECONDARY_UNLOAD -- added in 8.0.13 (nonreserved) SECOND_MICROSECOND (R) SECURITY SELECT (R) SENSITIVE (R) SEPARATOR (R) SERIAL SERIALIZABLE SERVER SESSION SET (R) SHARE SHOW (R) SHUTDOWN SIGNAL (R) SIGNED SIMPLE SKIP -- added in 8.0.1 (nonreserved) SLAVE SLOW -- added in 5.5.3 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.5.8 SMALLINT (R) SNAPSHOT SOCKET SOME SONAME SOUNDS SOURCE SPATIAL (R) SPECIFIC (R) SQL (R) SQLEXCEPTION (R) SQLSTATE (R) SQLWARNING (R) SQL_AFTER_GTIDS -- added in 5.6.5 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.6.6 SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved) SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS -- added in 5.6.5 (reserved); became nonreserved in 5.6.6 SQL_BIG_RESULT (R) SQL_BUFFER_RESULT SQL_CACHE -- removed in 8.0.3 SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (R) SQL_NO_CACHE SQL_SMALL_RESULT (R) SQL_THREAD SQL_TSI_DAY SQL_TSI_FRAC_SECOND -- removed in 5.5.3 SQL_TSI_HOUR SQL_TSI_MINUTE SQL_TSI_MONTH SQL_TSI_QUARTER SQL_TSI_SECOND SQL_TSI_WEEK SQL_TSI_YEAR SRID -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) SSL (R) STACKED START END STARTING (R) STARTS STATS_AUTO_RECALC -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved) STATS_PERSISTENT -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved) STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES -- added in 5.6.6 (nonreserved) STATUS STOP STORAGE STORED (R) -- added in 5.7.6 (reserved) STRAIGHT_JOIN (R) STRING SUBCLASS_ORIGIN SUBJECT SUBPARTITION SUBPARTITIONS SUPER SUSPEND SWAPS SWITCHES SYSTEM (R) -- added in 8.0.3 (reserved) -- T TABLE (R) TABLES TABLESPACE TABLE_CHECKSUM TABLE_NAME TEMPORARY TEMPTABLE TERMINATED (R) TEXT THAN THEN (R) END IF; THREAD_PRIORITY -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) TIES -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) TIME TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMPADD TIMESTAMPDIFF TINYBLOB (R) TINYINT (R) TINYTEXT (R) TO (R) TRAILING (R) TRANSACTION TRIGGER (R) TRIGGERS TRUE (R) TRUNCATE TYPE TYPES -- U UNBOUNDED -- added in 8.0.2 (nonreserved) UNCOMMITTED UNDEFINED UNDO (R) UNDOFILE UNDO_BUFFER_SIZE UNICODE UNINSTALL UNION (R) UNIQUE (R) UNKNOWN UNLOCK (R) UNSIGNED (R) UNTIL UPDATE (R) UPGRADE USAGE (R) USE (R) USER USER_RESOURCES USE_FRM USING (R) UTC_DATE (R) UTC_TIME (R) UTC_TIMESTAMP (R) -- V VALIDATION -- added in 5.7.5 (nonreserved) VALUE VALUES (R) VARBINARY (R) VARCHAR (R) VARCHARACTER (R) VARIABLES VARYING (R) VCPU -- added in 8.0.3 (nonreserved) VIEW VIRTUAL (R) -- added in 5.7.6 (reserved) VISIBLE -- W WAIT WARNINGS WEEK WEIGHT_STRING WHEN (R) WHERE (R) WHILE (R) WINDOW (R) -- added in 8.0.2 (reserved) END WHILE; WITH (R) WITHOUT -- added in 5.7.5 (nonreserved) WORK WRAPPER WRITE (R) -- X X509 XA XID -- added in 5.7.5 (nonreserved) XML XOR (R) -- Y YEAR YEAR_MONTH (R) -- Z ZEROFILL (R) -- Data Types -- 11.2 Numeric Types BIT BOOL BOOLEAN TINYINT SMALLINT MEDIUMINT INT INTEGER BIGINT SERIAL DECIMAL DEC NUMERIC FIXED FLOAT DOUBLE REAL FLOAT -- 11.3 Date and Time Types DATE DATETIME TIMESTAMP TIME YEAR -- 11.4 String Types CHAR NCHAR VARCHAR NVARCHAR BINARY VARBINARY TINYBLOB TINYTEXT BLOB TEXT MEDIUMBLOB MEDIUMTEXT LONGBLOB LONGTEXT ENUM SET -- 11.5.1 Spatial Data Types GEOMETRY POINT LINESTRING POLYGON MULTIPOINT MULTILINESTRING MULTIPOLYGON GEOMETRYCOLLECTION -- 11.6 The JSON Data Type JSON -- MariaDB 10.3 Oracle Mode BODY ELSIF GOTO HISTORY -- <= MariaDB 10.3.6 only PACKAGE PERIOD -- <= MariaDB 10.3.6 only RAISE ROWTYPE SYSTEM -- <= MariaDB 10.3.6 only SYSTEM_TIME -- <= MariaDB 10.3.6 only VERSIONING -- <= MariaDB 10.3.6 only WITHOUT -- <= MariaDB 10.3.6 only -- 12.3.2 Comparison Functions and Operators COALESCE(value, ...) GREATEST(value1, value2,...) INTERVAL(N, N1, N2, N3, ...) ISNULL(expr) LEAST(value1, value2, ...) STRCMP(expr1, expr2) -- 12.4 Control Flow Functions IF(expr1, expr2, expr3) IFNULL(expr1, expr2) NULLIF(expr1, expr2) -- 12.5 String Functions ASCII(str) BIN(N) BIT_LENGTH(str) CHAR(N, ... [USING charset_name]) CHAR_LENGTH(str) CHARACTER_LENGTH(str) CONCAT(str1, str2, ...) CONCAT_WS(separator, str1, str2, ...) ELT(N, str1, str2, str3, ...) EXPORT_SET(bits, on, off [, separator [, number_of_bits]]) FIELD(str, str1, str2, str3, ...) FIND_IN_SET(str, strlist) FORMAT(X, D [, locale]) FROM_BASE64(str) HEX(str), HEX(N) INSERT(str, pos, len, newstr) INSTR(str, substr) LCASE(str) LEFT(str, len) LENGTH(str) LOAD_FILE(file_name) LOCATE(substr, str), LOCATE(substr, str, pos) LOWER(str) LPAD(str, len, padstr) LTRIM(str) MAKE_SET(bits, str1, str2, ...) MID(str, pos, len) OCT(N) OCTET_LENGTH(str) ORD(str) POSITION(substr IN str) QUOTE(str) REPEAT(str, count) REPLACE(str, from_str, to_str) REVERSE(str) RIGHT(str, len) RPAD(str, len, padstr) RTRIM(str) SOUNDEX(str) SPACE(N) STRCMP(expr1, expr2) SUBSTR(str, pos), SUBSTR(str FROM pos), SUBSTR(str, pos, len), SUBSTR(str FROM pos FOR len) SUBSTRING(str, pos), SUBSTRING(str FROM pos), SUBSTRING(str, pos, len), SUBSTRING(str FROM pos FOR len) SUBSTRING_INDEX(str, delim, count) TO_BASE64(str) TRIM([{BOTH | LEADING | TRAILING} [remstr] FROM] str), TRIM([remstr FROM] str) UCASE(str) UNHEX(str) UPPER(str) WEIGHT_STRING(str [AS {CHAR | BINARY}(N)] [flags]) -- 12.5.2 Regular Expressions REGEXP_INSTR(expr, pat [, pos [, occurrence [, return_option [, match_type]]]]) REGEXP_LIKE(expr, pat [, match_type]) REGEXP_REPLACE(expr, pat, repl [, pos [, occurrence [, match_type]]]) REGEXP_SUBSTR(expr, pat [, pos [, occurrence [, match_type]]]) -- 12.6 Numeric Functions and Operators ABS(X) ACOS(X) ASIN(X) ATAN(Y,X) ATAN2(Y,X) CEIL(X) CEILING(X) CONV(N, from_base, to_base) COS(X) COT(X) CRC32(expr) DEGREES(X) DIV EXP(X) FLOOR(X) FORMAT(X, D) HEX(N_or_S) LN(X) LOG(X), LOG(B,X) LOG10(X) LOG2(X) MOD(N, M), N % M, N MOD M PI() POW(X, Y) POWER(X, Y) RADIANS(X) RAND([N]) ROUND(X), ROUND(X, D) SIGN(X) SIN(X) SQRT(X) TAN(X) TRUNCATE(X, D) -- 12.7 Date and Time Functions ADDDATE(date, INTERVAL expr unit), ADDDATE(expr, days) ADDTIME(expr1, expr2) CONVERT_TZ(dt, from_tz, to_tz) CURDATE() CURRENT_DATE(), CURRENT_DATE CURRENT_TIME(), CURRENT_TIME CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP CURTIME([fsp]) DATE(expr) DATE_ADD(date, INTERVAL expr unit) DATE_FORMAT(date,format) DATE_SUB(date, INTERVAL expr unit) DATEDIFF(expr1, expr2) DAY(date) DAYNAME(date) DAYOFMONTH(date) DAYOFWEEK(date) DAYOFYEAR(date) EXTRACT(unit FROM date) FROM_DAYS(N) FROM_UNIXTIME(unix_timestamp), FROM_UNIXTIME(unix_timestamp, format) GET_FORMAT({DATE | TIME | DATETIME}, {'EUR' | 'USA' | 'JIS' | 'ISO' | 'INTERNAL'}) HOUR(time) LAST_DAY(date) LOCALTIME, LOCALTIME([fsp]) LOCALTIMESTAMP, LOCALTIMESTAMP([fsp]) MAKEDATE(year, dayofyear) MAKETIME(hour, minute, second) MICROSECOND(expr) MINUTE(time) MONTH(date) MONTHNAME(date) NOW([fsp]) PERIOD_ADD(P, N) PERIOD_DIFF(P1, P2) QUARTER(date) SEC_TO_TIME(seconds) SECOND(time) STR_TO_DATE(str, format) SUBDATE(date, INTERVAL expr unit), SUBDATE(expr, days) SUBTIME(expr1, expr2) SYSDATE([fsp]) TIME(expr) TIME_FORMAT(time, format) TIME_TO_SEC(time) TIMEDIFF(expr1, expr2) TIMESTAMP(expr), TIMESTAMP(expr1, expr2) TIMESTAMPADD(unit, interval, datetime_expr) TIMESTAMPDIFF(unit, datetime_expr1, datetime_expr2) TO_DAYS(date) TO_SECONDS(expr) UNIX_TIMESTAMP(), UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date) UTC_DATE, UTC_DATE() UTC_TIME, UTC_TIME([fsp]) UTC_TIMESTAMP, UTC_TIMESTAMP([fsp]) WEEK(date [, mode]) WEEKDAY(date) WEEKOFYEAR(date) YEAR(date) YEARWEEK(date), YEARWEEK(date, mode) -- 12.10 Cast Functions and Operators BINARY CAST(expr AS type) CONVERT(expr, type), CONVERT(expr USING transcoding_name) -- 12.11 XML Functions ExtractValue(xml_frag, xpath_expr) UpdateXML(xml_target, xpath_expr, new_xml) -- 12.12 Bit Functions and Operators BIT_COUNT(N) -- 12.13 Encryption and Compression Functions AES_DECRYPT(crypt_str, key_str [, init_vector]) AES_ENCRYPT(str, key_str [, init_vector]) COMPRESS(string_to_compress) DECODE(crypt_str, pass_str) -- deprecated in 5.7.2; removed in 8.0.3 DES_DECRYPT(crypt_str [, key_str]) -- deprecated in 5.7.6; removed in 8.0.3 DES_ENCRYPT(str [, {key_num | key_str}])-- deprecated in 5.7.6; removed in 8.0.3 ENCODE(str, pass_str) -- deprecated in 5.7.2; removed in 8.0.3 ENCRYPT(str [, salt]) -- deprecated in 5.7.6; removed in 8.0.3 MD5(str) OLD_PASSWORD() -- removed in 5.7.5 PASSWORD(str) -- deprecated in 5.7.6; removed in 8.0.11 RANDOM_BYTES(len) -- added in 5.6.17 SHA1(str), SHA(str) SHA2(str, hash_length) STATEMENT_DIGEST(statement) STATEMENT_DIGEST_TEXT(statement) UNCOMPRESS(string_to_uncompress) UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH(compressed_string) VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH(str) -- 12.18.4 Enterprise Encryption Function Descriptions ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT(algorithm, crypt_str, key_str) ASYMMETRIC_DERIVE(pub_key_str, priv_key_str) ASYMMETRIC_ENCRYPT(algorithm, str, key_str) ASYMMETRIC_SIGN(algorithm, digest_str, priv_key_str, digest_type) ASYMMETRIC_VERIFY(algorithm, digest_str, sig_str, pub_key_str, digest_type) CREATE_ASYMMETRIC_PRIV_KEY(algorithm, {key_len | dh_secret}) CREATE_ASYMMETRIC_PUB_KEY(algorithm, priv_key_str) CREATE_DH_PARAMETERS(key_len) CREATE_DIGEST(digest_type, str) -- 12.14 Information Functions analyse([max_elements [,max_memory]]) BENCHMARK(count, expr) BINLOG_GTID_POS(binlog_filename, binlog_offset) -- added in MariaDB 10.0.2 CHARSET(str) COERCIBILITY(str) COLLATION(str) CONNECTION_ID() CURRENT_ROLE() CURRENT_USER(), CURRENT_USER DATABASE() DECODE_HISTOGRAM(hist_type, histogram) -- added in MariaDB 10.0.2 FOUND_ROWS() ICU_VERSION() LAST_INSERT_ID(), LAST_INSERT_ID(expr) ROLES_GRAPHML() ROW_COUNT() SCHEMA() SESSION_USER() SYSTEM_USER() USER() VERSION() -- 12.15.1 Spatial Function Reference Area() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 AsBinary(), AsWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 AsText(), AsWKT() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Boundary(g) -- added in MariaDB 10.1.2 Buffer() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Centroid() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Contains() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 ConvexHull() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Crosses() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Dimension() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Disjoint() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Distance() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 EndPoint() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Envelope() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Equals() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 ExteriorRing() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 GeomCollFromText(), GeometryCollectionFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 GeomCollFromWKB(), GeometryCollectionFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 GeomCollection(g [, g] ...) GeometryCollection(g [, g] ...) GeometryN() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 GeometryType() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 GeomFromText(), GeometryFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 GeomFromWKB(), GeometryFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 GLength() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 InteriorRingN() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Intersects() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 IsClosed() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 IsEmpty() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 IsSimple() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 IsRing(g) -- added in MariaDB 10.1.2 LineFromText(), LineStringFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 LineFromWKB(), LineStringFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 LineString(pt [, pt] ...) MBRContains(g1, g2) MBRCoveredBy(g1, g2) MBRCovers(g1, g2) MBRDisjoint(g1, g2) MBREqual() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 MBREquals(g1, g2) MBRIntersects(g1, g2) MBROverlaps(g1, g2) MBRTouches(g1, g2) MBRWithin(g1, g2) MLineFromText(), MultiLineStringFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 MLineFromWKB(), MultiLineStringFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 MPointFromText(), MultiPointFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 MPointFromWKB(), MultiPointFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 MPolyFromText(), MultiPolygonFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 MPolyFromWKB(), MultiPolygonFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 MultiLineString(ls [, ls] ...) MultiPoint(pt [, pt2] ...) MultiPolygon(poly [, poly] ...) NumGeometries() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 NumInteriorRings() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 NumPoints() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Overlaps() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Point(x, y) PointFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 PointFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 PointN() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 PointOnSurface(g) -- added in MariaDB 10.1.2 PolyFromText(), PolygonFromText() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 PolyFromWKB(), PolygonFromWKB() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Polygon(ls [, ls] ...) SRID() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 ST_Area({poly | mpoly}) ST_AsBinary(g [, options]), ST_AsWKB(g [, options]) ST_AsGeoJSON(g [, max_dec_digits [, options]]) ST_AsText(g [, options]), ST_AsWKT(g [, options]) ST_Boundary(g) -- added in MariaDB 10.1.2 ST_Buffer(g, d[, strategy1[, strategy2[, strategy3]]]) ST_Buffer_Strategy(strategy[, points_per_circle]) ST_Centroid({poly | mpoly}) ST_Contains(g1, g2) ST_ConvexHull(g) ST_Crosses(g1, g2) ST_Difference(g1, g2) ST_Dimension(g) ST_Disjoint(g1, g2) ST_Distance(g1, g2) ST_Distance_Sphere(g1, g2 [, radius]) ST_EndPoint(ls) ST_Envelope(g) ST_Equals(g1, g2) ST_ExteriorRing(poly) ST_GeoHash(longitude, latitude, max_length), ST_GeoHash(point, max_length) ST_GeomCollFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_GeometryCollectionFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_GeomCollFromTxt(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_GeomCollFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]), ST_GeometryCollectionFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_GeometryN(gc, N) ST_GeometryType(g) ST_GeomFromGeoJSON(str [, options [, srid]]) ST_GeomFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_GeometryFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_GeomFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]), ST_GeometryFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_InteriorRingN(poly, N) ST_Intersection(g1, g2) ST_Intersects(g1, g2) ST_IsClosed(ls) ST_IsEmpty(g) ST_IsSimple(g) ST_IsRing(g) -- added in MariaDB 10.1.2 ST_IsValid(g) ST_LatFromGeoHash(geohash_str) ST_Latitude(p [, new_latitude_val]) -- added in 8.0.12 ST_Length(ls) ST_LineFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_LineStringFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_LineFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]), ST_LineStringFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_LongFromGeoHash(geohash_str) ST_Longitude(p [, new_longitude_val]) -- added in 8.0.12 ST_MakeEnvelope(pt1, pt2) ST_MLineFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_MultiLineStringFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_MLineFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]), ST_MultiLineStringFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_MPointFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_MultiPointFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_MPointFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]), ST_MultiPointFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_MPolyFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_MultiPolygonFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_PolyFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]), ST_PolygonFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_NumGeometries(gc) ST_NumInteriorRing(poly), ST_NumInteriorRings(poly) ST_NumPoints(ls) ST_Overlaps(g1, g2) ST_PointFromGeoHash(geohash_str, srid) ST_PointFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_PointFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_PointN(ls, N) ST_PointOnSurface(g) -- added in MariaDB 10.1.2 ST_PolyFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]), ST_PolygonFromText(wkt [, srid [, options]]) ST_MPolyFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]), ST_MultiPolygonFromWKB(wkb [, srid [, options]]) ST_Relate(g1, g2, i) -- added in MariaDB 10.1.2 ST_Simplify(g, max_distance) ST_SRID(g [, srid]) ST_StartPoint(ls) ST_SwapXY(g) ST_SymDifference(g1, g2) ST_Touches(g1, g2) ST_Transform(g, target_srid) ST_Union(g1, g2) ST_Validate(g) ST_Within(g1, g2) ST_X(p [, new_x_val]) ST_Y(p [, new_y_val]) StartPoint() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Touches() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Within() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 X() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 Y() -- deprecated in 5.7.6 -- 12.16.1 JSON Function Reference JSON_APPEND(json_doc, path, val [, path, val] ...) -- deprecated in 5.7.9 JSON_ARRAY([val [, val] ...]) JSON_ARRAY_APPEND(json_doc, path, val [, path, val] ...) JSON_ARRAY_INSERT(json_doc, path, val [, path, val] ...) JSON_CONTAINS(target, candidate [, path]) JSON_CONTAINS_PATH(json_doc, one_or_all, path [, path] ...) JSON_DEPTH(json_doc) JSON_EXTRACT(json_doc, path [, path] ...) JSON_INSERT(json_doc, path, val [, path, val] ...) JSON_KEYS(json_doc [, path]) JSON_LENGTH(json_doc [, path]) JSON_MERGE(json_doc, json_doc [, json_doc] ...) -- deprecated in 5.7.22 JSON_MERGE_PATCH(json_doc, json_doc [, json_doc] ...) JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE(json_doc, json_doc [, json_doc] ...) JSON_OBJECT([key, val [, key, val] ...]) JSON_PRETTY(json_val) JSON_QUOTE(string) JSON_REMOVE(json_doc, path [, path] ...) JSON_REPLACE(json_doc, path, val [, path, val] ...) JSON_SEARCH(json_doc, one_or_all, search_str [, escape_char [, path] ...]) JSON_SET(json_doc, path, val [, path, val] ...) JSON_STORAGE_FREE(json_val) JSON_STORAGE_SIZE(json_val) JSON_TABLE(expr, path COLUMNS (column_list) [AS] alias) JSON_TYPE(json_val) JSON_UNQUOTE(json_val) JSON_VALID(val) -- 12.17 Functions Used with Global Transaction IDs GTID_SUBSET(subset, set) GTID_SUBTRACT(set, subset) WAIT_FOR_EXECUTED_GTID_SET(gtid_set [, timeout]) SQL_THREAD_WAIT_AFTER_GTIDS(gtid_set [, timeout]) -- deprecated 5.6.9 WAIT_UNTIL_SQL_THREAD_AFTER_GTIDS(gtid_set [, timeout] [, channel]) -- 12.19.1 Aggregate (GROUP BY) Function Descriptions AVG([DISTINCT] expr) [over_clause] BIT_AND(expr) [over_clause] BIT_OR(expr) [over_clause] BIT_XOR(expr) [over_clause] COUNT(expr) [over_clause] COUNT(DISTINCT) COUNT(DISTINCT expr [, expr...]) GROUP_CONCAT(expr) JSON_ARRAYAGG(col_or_expr) JSON_OBJECTAGG(key, value) MAX([DISTINCT] expr) [over_clause] MIN([DISTINCT] expr) [over_clause] STD(expr) [over_clause] STDDEV(expr) [over_clause] STDDEV_POP(expr) [over_clause] STDDEV_SAMP(expr) [over_clause] SUM([DISTINCT] expr) [over_clause] VAR_POP(expr) [over_clause] VAR_SAMP(expr) [over_clause] VARIANCE(expr) [over_clause] -- 12.20 Window Functions CUME_DIST() over_clause DENSE_RANK() over_clause FIRST_VALUE(expr) [null_treatment] over_clause LAG(expr [, N [, default]]) [null_treatment] over_clause LAST_VALUE(expr) [null_treatment] over_clause LEAD(expr [, N [, default]]) [null_treatment] over_clause MEDIAN(expr) over_clause -- added in MariaDB 10.3.3 NTH_VALUE(expr, N) [from_first_last] [null_treatment] over_clause NTILE(N) over_clause PERCENT_RANK() over_clause PERCENTILE_CONT(expr) -- added in MariaDB 10.3.3 PERCENTILE_DISC(expr) -- added in MariaDB 10.3.3 RANK() over_clause ROW_NUMBER() over_clause -- 12.21 Internal Functions CAN_ACCESS_COLUMN(ARGS) CAN_ACCESS_DATABASE(ARGS) CAN_ACCESS_TABLE(ARGS) CAN_ACCESS_VIEW(ARGS) GET_DD_COLUMN_PRIVILEGES(ARGS) GET_DD_CREATE_OPTIONS(ARGS) GET_DD_INDEX_SUB_PART_LENGTH(ARGS) INTERNAL_AUTO_INCREMENT(ARGS) INTERNAL_AVG_ROW_LENGTH(ARGS) INTERNAL_CHECK_TIME(ARGS) INTERNAL_CHECKSUM(ARGS) INTERNAL_DATA_FREE(ARGS) INTERNAL_DATA_LENGTH(ARGS) INTERNAL_DD_CHAR_LENGTH(ARGS) INTERNAL_GET_COMMENT_OR_ERROR(ARGS) INTERNAL_GET_VIEW_WARNING_OR_ERROR(ARGS) INTERNAL_INDEX_COLUMN_CARDINALITY(ARGS) INTERNAL_INDEX_LENGTH(ARGS) INTERNAL_KEYS_DISABLED(ARGS) INTERNAL_MAX_DATA_LENGTH(ARGS) INTERNAL_TABLE_ROWS(ARGS) INTERNAL_UPDATE_TIME(ARGS) IS_VISIBLE_DD_OBJECT(ARGS) -- 12.20 Miscellaneous Functions ANY_VALUE(arg) BIN_TO_UUID(binary_uuid), BIN_TO_UUID(binary_uuid, swap_flag) DEFAULT(col_name) FORMAT(X, D) GET_LOCK(str, timeout) GROUPING(expr [, expr] ...) INET_ATON(expr) INET_NTOA(expr) INET6_ATON(expr) INET6_NTOA(expr) IS_FREE_LOCK(str) IS_IPV4(expr) IS_IPV4_COMPAT(expr) IS_IPV4_MAPPED(expr) IS_IPV6(expr) IS_USED_LOCK(str) IS_UUID(string_uuid) MASTER_GTID_WAIT(gtid-list [, timeout) -- added in MariaDB 10.0.9 MASTER_POS_WAIT(log_name, log_pos [, timeout] [, channel]) NAME_CONST(name, value) RAND() RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS() RELEASE_LOCK(str) SLEEP(duration) UUID() UUID_SHORT() UUID_TO_BIN(string_uuid), UUID_TO_BIN(string_uuid, swap_flag) VALUE(col_name) -- added in MariaDB 10.3.3 VALUES(col_name) -- MariaDB Built-in Functions https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/built-in-functions/ -- Dynamic Columns Functions COLUMN_ADD(dyncol_blob, column_nr, value [as type], [column_nr, value [as type]]...) COLUMN_ADD(dyncol_blob, column_name, value [as type], [column_name, value [as type]]...) COLUMN_CHECK(dyncol_blob) -- added in 10.0.1 COLUMN_CREATE(column_nr, value [as type], [column_nr, value [as type]]...) COLUMN_CREATE(column_name, value [as type], [column_name, value [as type]]...) COLUMN_DELETE(dyncol_blob, column_nr, column_nr...) COLUMN_DELETE(dyncol_blob, column_name, column_name...) COLUMN_EXISTS(dyncol_blob, column_nr) COLUMN_EXISTS(dyncol_blob, column_name) COLUMN_GET(dyncol_blob, column_nr as type) COLUMN_GET(dyncol_blob, column_name as type) COLUMN_JSON(dyncol_blob) -- added in 10.0.1 COLUMN_LIST(dyncol_blob) -- JSON Functions JSON_COMPACT(json_doc) -- added in MariaDB 10.2.4 JSON_DETAILED(json_doc [, tab_size]) -- added in MariaDB 10.2.4 JSON_EXISTS(json_doc, path) -- added in MariaDB 10.2.3 JSON_LOOSE(json_doc) -- added in MariaDB 10.2.4 JSON_QUERY(json_doc, path) -- added in MariaDB 10.2.3 JSON_VALUE(json_doc, path) -- added in MariaDB 10.2.3 -- Spider Functions SPIDER_BG_DIRECT_SQL('sql', 'tmp_table_list', 'parameters') SPIDER_COPY_TABLES(spider_table_name, source_link_id, destination_link_id_list [,parameters]) SPIDER_DIRECT_SQL('sql', 'tmp_table_list', 'parameters') SPIDER_FLUSH_TABLE_MON_CACHE() -- SEQUENCE Functions SEQUENCE -- added in MariaDB 10.3 LASTVAL(sequence_name) -- added in MariaDB 10.3 NEXTVAL(sequence_name) -- added in MariaDB 10.3 SETVAL(sequence_name, next_value, [is_used, [round]]) -- added in MariaDB 10.3